Brick and tile laying machine



May 26, 1953 Filed June 17, 1948 4. o. KIRSCHMANN BRICK AND TILE LAYINGMACHINE El in 1% h.-

5 Sheets-Sheet l Nil h'mann John 0 KIIIGVENTOR.

May 26, 1953 J. D. KIRSCHMANN BRICK AND TILE LAYING MACHINE -5Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 17, 1948 0. Kirschmafl'" INVENTOR.

BY v wv m N 1953 J. D. KIRSCHMANN 2,639,608 BRICK AND TI'LE LAYINGMACHINE Filed June 1'7, 1948 5 Sheets-Sheet 3- Fig.6.

- John D. Kirschmann ,mwzzvroza.

May 26, 1953 J. D. KIRSCHMANN BRICK AND TILE LAYING'MACHINE sSheets-Sheet 4 Filed June 17, 1948 John D. K irschmann INVENTOR Mayt a dmore s c fi all pert in myingbr'ickfs unti re br sk ork one lf l tie r"2 s ee r le i' iia i i Patented May 26, 1953 phi n1); Kirjscllmanngeenti tidigqiie'n, 194k; seriamo'. 33,411

At Qlaims. (or. 12-11 29) a Thisinvention comprises novel anduseful-impmrement 1 19 a l lay n a mechanism for assisting in"con'structing brick'-ancl--ti1ewalls d pa ularl i @pplying a layer ofmortar to the top 'eonrse" brickwork, forcing the mo-rtar into thejoints between adjac entbricks in the top course and applying anadditional eours e of .orieks in properly spaced relation-*t'qeaeh otherand to the'topeourse'.

An important 1 biect ofthe'inventionisto protitle a briok laying'niachine which will assist in *loriekwork floonstrnction,

with ease, a'ccuracy antia saving 'inflti ine and labor.

A further ooject ofthe invention is no-provide an epparatusas setforthin the-precegiing object, which may be easily and readily appliedto or removed fromfbrickworlr constructions;

which may be reariilyiagjusted to accommodate different sizes andproportions of-bri'ck workconstruetions; and. VE/hlChlSQflRableofmaintaining a predeterminedvertically spaced r'elation between thsuccessive eoorses*ot hrickw'ork with which the maohine'is en ployegilAn important feat re'of the invention-resides in v the provision of a;framework inell'idinig transverse clamp har s, depending parallel --vertically extending sicle wal ivotepl tp the hars' together with springmeansfor urging the -s'i cle walls toward each qtlierfiaocoinpaniegl by'support members" for mounting the; side wvall's'abefzei the topoourse'of a icltwo k construetion -and 'for supporting; thesrdewallsroma lGWerbotlrs'eof Another importa t ieatore of the invention-residesin the pr ision of an; apparatuses set forth 'in the preceding ieaitnrefwherein-means are proyided for longitudinally and'terticallyadjustingthe support members withrespeet- 'to the vside walls; and whei einfhariglle means-care provideo for quickly andeasily' pivoting' theside Was. a th porting"mmbers'fcarried' therepplieation ot the pp'aratu's' toame by to mensw h efrom I A still further feature ofthe inventionresioes in' the proyision' of an app aratus aseet forth in the precedingobj eots aneeeamres: herem the side walls are provided "wit'h'inwar'clly extending flanges rigidly attached at their lo iverfends'anol constituting g i defr' ans'flwhicn 'iiges grve the dual purpose ofsupporting an additional oourse of j brickworkinpredetermined"Vertically ourse applicatom v .j i stillfurtherimportant ifeature of .the inventhereof, and also provide .meansfor supporting a ndproviding longitudinal'movement of 'amortar tionresides in th'e provisionivof an apparatuses set f orth" in the-abovementioned features .and

obje'ot s; wherein=1theimortar applicator includes a'hopper-movablelongituoinallypfitheside walls, ancl' zhoiintedtherebetwe'en'; :andiwhich hoppenis wpen ing fdr applying a layer of..:inortar to the provided with a combined dispensing and levelin -=topco reel ofibriclc work; i'togetherlwithdamortar tamping-means ton f-orcing mortarlintolthe joints between adjacent bricks of the top io0urseof;the

-'-'-Yet another feature of the invention resides in the provision-andappliance a set forth-in the foregoing I features anclaobject's ofthe-invention, wherein the- -mortar:applicatorz includes packing -"andsealing" means" :for :.confining the layer 0: mortar to -be applied toa. predetermined portion of the :top surface of the top ;course L ofbrickwork; and wherein the joint or cracklfiller of the mortarapplicatorincludeszatransversely extending tubular-member having an1op'enlower 4'end' together with a reciprocable vplunger imsaid tubular member, saidtubular member:2.:and

"- plung'er I being' mounteduponla common fulcrum pincarriedbytheiapplicatorg 1:1,:

Yet another important :feature of the intention resides in 'thelprovisionlof an appliance in 1 conformitywith-the above mentionedlzfeatures and objects wherein theresisuprovidedanim- 1 prove druler-rmounted 'upon onexofz the side vWalls *for assisting inllmaintaining e'ven-Jongitudinal --spae'ing of the suceessive .bricks [1111acourse; whe'reinthere is-provided .ansimprovedj and. novel mountingeofspirit levelsmonrtheiside walls: of l the device; land wherein =isprovided. an. attachment ter enabling-the;constructing of\combination'tile I and .brickworle walls.: .l

' -II-he'S tQgether. with vvarioueancillaryw features and obj ects' ofthe; invention -which will later vJoe- "come-apparent asthefollowingl'description .pro-

' Ieeedsp'ere .xattained iby 1; this device; preferred embodiments-of"which have been illustrated by way of example only intheaccompanyingzdrawing's,--wherein:

Figure Lisatopmplan view showinga preferred embodiment of the ,ndeviee,parts; being br oken .lavqa yg .1 1 .v z v L V .l M Figure 2 is ar-sideelevational viewof theharranig'ement showniiriFigurejl; v; v i

wEi'gure fifl is; aasfragmentary ,gdetail yiew taken upon an enlargedsea-1e substantially-upon 3 the 3 vertical plane through the sectionline 33 of Figure 2 and showing in particular the guide flanges of theside walls for supporting an additional course of brickwork togetherwith the pivotal and resilient mounting of the side walls;

Figure 4 is a view taken in elevation and at right angles to Figure 3;

Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 3, but showing a constructionsuitably proportioned for constructing a brick wall that is twothicknesses of brick in width;

Figure 6 is an elevational view, upon an enlarged scale of a portion ofthe construction shown in Figure 2, and illustrating in particular theclamping means of the support means of the frame of the device;

Figure 7 is a view in vertical section through the detail view of Figure6, and is taken substantially upon the vertical plane of the sectionline 1-1 of Figure 2, and with Figure 6 illustrates in particular themanner of supporting the side walls of the frame from and upon a lowercourse of the brickwork construction;

Figure 8 is an enlarged detail view taken in elevation of a portion ofthe device shown in Figure 2, this view illustrating the abutment meansfor adjusting the vertical inclination of the side walls of the device;

Figure 9 is a vertical sectional view through the construction of Figure8, taken substantially upon the vertical plane of the section line 99 ofFigure 2;

Figure 10 is a fragmentary detail view taken upon an enlarged scale inelevation of a portion of the rule and its fastening means;

Figure 11 is a fragmentary vertical transverse sectional view takensubstantially upon the plane of the section line llll of Figures 2 and10;

Figure 12 is a side elevational view showing a tile setting attachmentfor use with this invention;

Fig. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view through a portion of themachine, showing the construction of a mortar applicator and itsattachment thereto;

Figure 14 is a vertical transverse sectional view taken substantially onthe plane of the section line l4l 4 of Figure 2; and,

Figure 15 is a fragmentary view similar to Figure 13 but showing thecrack filling means in depressed position.

Referring now more specifically to the accompanying drawings, whereinlike numerals designate similar parts throughout the various views,there is disclosed in Figure 2 a brickwork construction, a wall portionconsisting of a plurality of courses of brick, these courses beingindicated at I0, and this brickwork terminating in a top course l2. Thebrick laying machine forming the subject of this invention is shown inFigures 1 and 2 as applied in operative position to the courses ofbrickwork, for the purpose of facilitating the proper assembling ofbricks and laying of successive courses of brickwork upon the brickworkconstruction.

It is to be here understood that the principles of the invention areequally applicable to walls consisting of a single layer of brick, inthe manner shown in Figure 3, or to constructions consisting of aplurality of layers of brick to each course, such as shown in Figure 5.Since the principles of the two embodiments are identical, the device isshown throughout the drawings as applied to a wall consisting of asingle thickness of brick.

As will be best understood by reference to Figures 1-4, the brick layingmachine consists essentially of a pair of transverse end or clamp bars[4, each bar consisting of a pair of parallel plates, between theextremities of which are pivotally connected as at I6, 2. pair of levers18, intermediate the ends of the latter. The upper ends of these leversare provided with handle portions for manipulating the same while thelower ends of the levers are rigidly secured as by bolts 22 to thevertically disposed walls 24 a pair of arcuate bolts 34 upon which arereceived compression springs 36, and which bolts extend through suitableapertures in the upper ends of the levers l8, suitable lock nuts 38being mounted upon the screw threaded extremity 40 of the bolts 34,these look nuts regulating the outer pivotal movement of the lever inresponse to the resilient urging of the springs 36. It should be herenoted that the arrangement is such that these springs urge the twolevers in such a direction as to bias the two side wall members 24toward each other in a manner and for a purpose to be set forthhereinafter.

Preferably integrally attached as by welding or the like to the sidemembers 24 at their lower ends, are a pair of inturned flanges 42 whichconstitute guide means for a purpose to be set forth hereinafter.

Support means are provided by means of which the angle iron and theirside wall members are adjustably mounted upon and secured to thebrickwork construction with which the machine is to be used. Thesesupport members, whose construction is shown best in Figures 2, 6 and 7.consist of carriages, each of which comprises upper and lower plates 44and 46 respectively which slidingly embrace the upper and lower surfacesof the horizontal flange 26 of the angle iron frame member, these upperand lower plates being rigidly secured to each other and to anintermediately extending plate member 48, as by welding or the like,whereby a rigid slide is provided which is movable longitudinally of thehorizontally extending flange member 26 of the frame. In order to secureeach of these carriages at predetermined desired positions along thehorizontal flange of the frame member, set screws 50 and lock nuts areprovided, the set screws being carried by and extending through theupper plate 44 into engagement with the horizontal flange 26 which isembraced by the upper and lower plates. A generally U-shaped standard orsupport 52 is carried by and extends above the upper plates 44, thisstandard being provided with a vertical bore 54. An adjusting screw 56is rotatably but non-slidably received in the bore 54 by means of acollar 58 and a head portion 60 having a handle or finger grip member 62carried thereby. Thus, the adjusting screw 56 is free to rotate but isheld immovably with respect to the supporting bracket 52.

threadedly engaged by itle screw .e

the adjusting screw "which the. side, walls oi. the frame members arepositioned .with,.,res pect .tothejtpp @whethersupported -,(1i1ectlythereon or on the it course immediately thereb.en%'fih; in ,order thatthe guide members 42" .rnayjjbe vertic ally spaced a predetermineddistance abovexthe top sur LL PQKUQE fmznen geei-t e bl 'ee diustine s r56 i .a nnport ,r'qd 1 thezlaterallyextendingtlowlerlarm166 l 55 adapt dt ;p ne rat th fifii n betw e H eof adjacent courses of brickwork which,toe ests upon the'edge pf tthe -upperxsurface 011cc, fl

gametes are fthushslidably idft s d m slotjlz, for

,inturnecl portion or; flange ,10 H

' -,vertical movement inlrespqns'e to rr anipulation of the adjusting,serew i 56 by t ha d 41 2- It is .to' be .here ,0. ervedthat ,i' lf efunction of $3510 e la 73 1 h i ht at .face ,of the top course 12. (Thispredeterm ned vertical space is desirable injtl iatlflit permits fend.assures an even thickness of, mortar ilay'er petweenthe successivecourses, inia planner toibe subsequently apparent, and thus greatly'imlfprov es the V ease andQguahty of ork l performed by the machine;

Obviously, any desired number of these carriage support membersmaybeprovided depend- ,ing upon the length ofthe angle iron frame members,and the type of work ibeine'performed.

In order to steady theiframe members of the machine upon thebrickwoikconstruction, and plumb the same, a lateral supporting means or abutmentis provided. This means comprises a plurality .of downwardly extendingchannel shaped members "14, see Figures 't and 9,",Which at theirupperends aresecured as by fastening;

means 16 to ,one end oiya laterally extending body 13, whose other endrigidlypositioned as at jfifljbetween ,a pair off support brackets #32"of V ,L-shaped, construction, which brackets" form part of theadjustable clamp vt'zizhich;isslidablflbngitudinally of' and 'ernbraces'theabove} mentioned flange 26 Of'thG frameme'mber's.

Eor'this purpose, the bragcketsj fiz terminate in horizontally disposedplates 184 at their lower ends, Whichplates are slidinglyreceivedupon-the ,upper surface of the flangeifi asfshown in Figures'8 and 9.similarjplatefs 8G und'erly the flange ,"2 6,. and are disposed beneath"the plates 1 S t, and

,, are secured to intermediate connecting members 88 which arehorizontally aligned with the adf jacentvedgeofuthe 'flange"2B, -t;hemembers 84,

86 and 88 being attached to each other'as by welding or the like, toform. aclampjor slidably .embracingthe flange; 26. A setscrew me'ans 9i]isQprovided, carried by the upper plate fit for engaging "the YflangeTZS, to loci; the clamps, and

the, depending channel members 74 inflongitu- 1 dinallyadjustableipositions. ..upon the flange 2 6 of the. angle iron [framemembers.

At their lower ends, 1 the channel members id \have inwardly andlaterally extendin .a iJlJ-sttable stop meansfilwhich includesaheadlorabuta. merit surface-94, adapted to engage'the,vouter sun 7 race ofonepfthe coursesof brickwork as at it,

this-bolt. beingtfa djustablygconneqtedto the chanchannel member 14 byrneans of the nuts -9"6',-'thev Qa'put ent ithea d or stop u an {94' canbe caused to engagejthe lateral face of a course: of brick 1:0 wherebythe channel member 14 csn be caused ssume any fdesiredvertical i;'lination lwith 410 res pectto the vertical plane, ands nc'e't'hechannel ember ,TM is rigidly attached bymeansof f h r nf .8 mi e an l rex eemb i jincluding the side wall} 4 th'ere0 f, can be 1 spaced inyertical alignment with t the outer surfaces of '15 thepcoursesfof brick[0,, andin the vertical plane :if e desired, f by nieans 9f js pirit-levels it carried ih fili ibdd 1 ltwillthus be seenthatthe stop members92 jjfil ejtjo l qsition the frameof; the 'machine laterztliyjwithrespectitothe courses of brick; whereby the side walls 2% are disposedin'verticalalign .I mm wit b s ace vert l M t "c rse t2ofbrichwhenthernachine is po s'itic ried 11m wkm k cons cti 5 Attention'isno'tv directed to Figures 3 and 5,

wherein it will be seenthat one" of theangle "iron i' me members theyhaye secured froiri athorin 1; flang'e7t 6jthreof ajguiderfne'ans 18-2asby sterling, means'lfiifl. ttentionis nowf directedmore-specificallyto Figures 10 and ii for-an, esple nation "er theconfus iqn vser e- 1 r w h'm if pioy nicnnii n tiqniwit lthem hfi tattothe outer surface of one of-thfside wall members 2i, asby afas teningmeansel-Dfiyis a carrier havingia vertica lly disposed channel creme H18inits upperend." Seated'in this slot and extending th ereabove, is alongitudinallyextending strip [Ht comprising a gauge or rule, Whiche's'shown 40 ,in FigureYl'0, at 1112, is providedwlth suitableJindiciaelong, itsr leng'th for. designatingthe proper e vzi'dthslor,spacing t'o be giventotheverticaljoints l between the adjacent edges ofthebricks-in; the additional course v of bricks, 1114, "being added bythis .machine. ,It willbe noted an inspection 'foft'fiigureI'OthQtijOilltS ofvaryingwidthsmay be readilyv attained, y ip lfOpfiately spacing the ad- 1 jacent edg es of the brick's of t hecourse'iM; 9 Although the guide bar origauge 'I'Hl'has been shownas-supportedjbya plurality of channeled holders WT, itfwill beunderstood thatthe brim Jciples-of the invention are'not limited to theexact c'onstructionof holders shown.

;At ntion is noihdirectedniore specifically to Fig 5 13-15 for anexplanation of the construction and operation of the mort'ar'applic'aftjer'ns en' ssential part of this inventio nriprises a means foraioplying' an v I mortar to thetop eoul 6Q this layer and "packing the Icracks tween the ac'ljacentbricks,oLthe'topl v -2 ,read inessjor idyingan Igdditiona ates of iti he eQninel member-Jigs hy rneens of a pairto'i nuts mortar received within the hopper may emerge therefrom and bedeposited rearwardly of the applicator as the latter is movedlongitudinally of the course of the brickwork.

As shown best in Figure 14, the side walls I I8 and also the end wallI22 extend between the guide flanges 42 and are guided thereby as theapplicator is moved longitudinally of the frame. These side walls andend wall rest upon the upper surface of the top course I2 to establish asealing engagement therewith, whereby a layer of mortar indicated at I28may be deposited thereon inwardly of the edges thereof, in confinedrelation between the side walls I I8. Suitable laterally extending slideblocks I39 are carried at the four extremities of the sides I I8, asshown in Figure 1, which slide blocks are adapted to rest upon and slideupon the upper surfaces of the guide means 42. By this means, the loweredges of the sides I I8 and I22 do not need to rub directly upon theupper surface of the top course I2, but as will be seen in Figure 14 maybe spaced slightly thereabove, while still providing an adequate guidingmeans or movable form for positioning the layer I28 of mortar upon thebricks.

It will thus be apparent that when the hopper I I6 is filled withmortar, and the same is drawn upon the guides 42, that the mortar isdischarged from the orifice beneath the edge I2 6, to deposit the layerI 28 and thereby provide the proper bond for the next course ofbrickwork.

However, it is frequently necessary to provide additional means forforcing the mortar into the cracks between the adjacent bricks of acourse. For this purpose, the hopper or applicator H6 is preferablyprovided with a transversely extending fulcrum or pivot pin I32 whichextends through the side walls I I8, and upon this pin are pivoted pairsof lever arms I34 and I36. The outer arms I36 are connected at theirouter extremities by a cross bar I38 constituting a handle, while asimilar handle or cross bar I40 connects the outer extremities of theinner levers I34. Suitably attached in any desired manner to the leversI34 intermediate therein, is a transversely extending tubular member orpress chamber I42 having parallel arcuately curved walls, and whichmember is open at its lower end. The walls of the member I42 are struckout an arc or circle whose center is the axis of the pin or shaft I32.

Intermediate their ends, the inner levers I are provided with atransverse bar I44 rigidly attached thereto, which bar carries anarcuate piston rod I46, which extends into the cylinder or press Hi2,and is provided with a rubber piston or plunger I48 of any suitableconstruction. A spring IE9 is interposed between the supporting memberI44 and the head of the tubular member or press chamber I 42, foryieldingly urging the levers apart, with the piston in its retractedposition as shown in Figure 13.

The operation of this device is as follows. With the hopper filled withmortar, and the parts in the position shown in Figure 13, the applicatoris moved longitudinally of the guide rails 42, leaving a leveled coatingof mortar I28 therebehind, until the press is positioned successivelyabove each of the joints between adjacent bricks in the top layer I2,and at each joint, the same operation is repeated. The lever I islowered to the position shown in Figure 15, thereby moving the tubularmember or press chamber I42 into its lower position, at which time itrests upon the upper surface of two adjacent bricks of the course I2,and seals and straddles the joint therebetween. The piston is nowlowered by moving the levers I 36 downwardly against the opposition ofthe spring I50, in either a single stroke or a series of strokes asdesired, as indicated in Figure 15. This downward movement of the pistonforces some of the mortar trapped within the chamber I42 downwardly intothe cracks or joints between the two adjacent bricks, thereby tightlyfilling and sealing the vertical joints. Upon release of the handle I38, the spring I50 serves to return the plunger to its uppermostposition in the chamber I42.

Upon the completion of the packing of the joints in the top course I2and the applying of a layer of mortar I28 thereto, an additional courseof bricks H4 is then laid as shown in Figures 3 or 5. Since the sidewalls 24 are spaced at the proper spacing, by means of the abovementioned lateral stops or abutments 92, the individual bricks can bereadily placed between the side walls upon the: coating I28 of mortar.However, and this is an important feature of the invention, theindividual bricks are pressed down between the two side frame members,until the bricks rest upon the guide means 42, which thereby serve asstops to prevent uneven vertical spacing of the bricks of the layer II4. Thus, the bricks are placed in position and positively stopped andpositioned at the desired vertical spacing by means of the frame of themachine. When this course of bricks is laid, the handles 25 of the frameclamps are squeezed toward each other, thereby releasing the angle ironside members of the frame together with their support means and lateralstops, whereby the entire device may be raised upward another course,again positioned and the operation repeated.

Indicated at Figure 12 is a further construction within the principlesof this invention which may be employed for forming a wall of combinedcourses of brick and tile. It will be understood that the courses ofbricks ID and I2 have been previously formed by the machine and in themanner set forth hereinbefore, it being understood that a layer of brickis applied of sufiicient height to equal that of a layer or course oftile, whereupon the latter is applied, and another series of layers ofbrick applied, and the operation repeated. When the courses of brickhave been completed, the attachment shown in Figure 12 is employed forproperly positioning a course of tile. This attachment includes agenerally triangular shaped support member I 5|, having a. lower surfaceI52 disposed to rest upon the upper surface of the top course I2 ofbricks, and having a perpendicular, downwardly extending flange I54which is adapted to engage and slide upon the outer surface of thecourses of brick.

Rigidly carried by and extending laterally from the support I5I, is abar I56 to which is detachably secured as by fastening means I58, theupper horizontal arm I60 of a L-shaped bracket I62, whose lower arm IE4is attached to the above mentioned upstanding flange24 of the angle ironside frame member having a horizontally extending flange 26. This angleiron frame member is provided with the same adjusting means and lateralstop or abutment members referred to in connection with the precedingembodiment of the invention. Likewise, the angle iron is provided withan inwardly extending guide flange 42 as set forth in the precedingembodiment, and the same supporting toe 68 is likewise provided forresting upon the topmost course of tiles I66 for applying a mortar layerI68 therebetween, in exactly the same manner as the mortar layer I28previously referred to, and thereafter positioning an additional layerof tiles I10 thereon.

The member 160 is provided with a spirit level 112, whose use will beobvious.

From the foregoing, it is felt that the manner of constructing themachine as well as the method of operating the same will be readilyapparent. It will be evident that this invention provides a guide formto insure the proper alignment and positioning of successive courses ofbrick in forming a brick work construction such as walls: or the like,which may be easily adjusted for leveling and for plumbing as desired,which may be very quickly applied to or removed from a brickworkconstruction with a minimum of effort, and which is readily adjusted foreffecting mortar joints between courses of varying thicknesses asdesired.

Further, it will also be evident that there is provided a novel frameconstruction which not only serves: to quickly and accurately apply amortar layer of actuate predetermined dimensions upon the top course ofbrick for bonding the additional course thereto, but also which servesto insure that the additional course of brick will be properly spacedvertically from the top course. Further, not only does the applicatorinsure that the mortar layer shall be evenly and uniformly spread, butit includes means for positively packing and compressing the mortar intothe cracks or joints between the bricks of the top course.

Further, it will be evident that the machine may be readily constructedto accommodate and construct walls or brick constructions of varyingwidths; and may be also advantageously employed to erect walls orconstructionshaving both brick and tile layers.

From the foregoing, the manner of constructing and operating theinvention wil1 be readily understood and further explanation is deemedto be unnecessary.

However, since numerous modifications and equivalents will readily occurto those skilled in the art after a consideration of the foregoingspecification and accompanying drawings, it is not desired to limit theinvention to the exact 10 construction shown and described, but allsuitable modifications and equivalents may be resorted to, fallingwithin the scope of the appending claims.

Having described the invention, what is claimed as new is:

1. In a brick laying machine, a frame comprising a pair of side wallsfor embracing the topmost course of a brickwork construction, supportmembers for supporting said side wall members upon the top of a lowercourse of brickwork, inwardly extending flanges on said side wallmembers for supporting and positioning an additional course of brickworkabove said top course, said side wall members having clamps slidablelongitudinally thereon, said support members being carried by saidclamps.

2. The combination of claim 1 wherein said support members includevertically extending rods having inward toes at their lower ends forinsertion between said lower course and the immediately overlyingcourse, said rods being adjustably secured to said clamps for slidingvertical adjustment therein.

3. The combination of claim 1 including transverse clamp bars, leversintermediately pivoted to said clamp bars, said side wall members beingcarried by the lower ends of said levers for pivotal movement therewith,spring means terminally engaging said levers and clamp bars foryieldingly urging said side wall members towards each other.

4. The combination of claim 3 including abutment means comprising aplurality of downwardly extending channel-shaped members carried byadditional clamps on said side wall members.

JOHN D. KIRSCHMANN.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS NumberName Date 661,033 Brownfield Nov. 6, 1900 922,676 Denton May 25, 19091,298,064 Lichtenthaeler Mar. 25, 1919 1,573,263 Madden Feb. 16, 19261,736,812 Youngblood Nov. 26, 1929 1,755,463 Waddell Apr. 22, 19301,764,836 Guerini June 17, 1930 1,833,582 Kavanagh Nov. 24, 19312,395,438 Watkins Feb. 26, 1946 2,437,485 Sonnenschein Mar. 9, 1948

